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I'm working on a project which takes some images from user and then creates a PDF file which contains all of these images.
Is there any way or any tool to do this in Python? E.g. to create a PDF file (or eps, ps) from image1 + image 2 + image 3 -> PDF file?
Stephen T.
A Sample Program Using Tkinter. In this program, it is shown how Tkinter is used via Python to built windows along with some buttons and the events that are programmed using these buttons. Layout Managers / Geometry Manager Introduction In this chapter of our Python-Tkinter tutorial we will introduce the layout managers or geometry managers, as they are sometimes called as well.
Stephen T.
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14 Answers

I suggest pyPdf. It works really nice. I also wrote a blog post some while ago, you can find it here.
drevicko
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GeoGeo
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Here is my experience after following the hints on this page.
  1. pyPDF can't embed images into files. It can only split and merge. (Source: Ctrl+F through its documentation page)Which is great, but not if you have images that are not already embedded in a PDF.
  2. pyPDF2 doesn't seem to have any extra documentation on top of pyPDF.
  3. ReportLab is very extensive. (Userguide) However, with a bit of Ctrl+F and grepping through its source, I got this:
    • First, download the Windows installer and source
    • Then try this on Python command line:
All I needed is to get a bunch of images into a PDF, so that I can check how they look and print them. The above is sufficient to achieve that goal.
ReportLab is great, but would benefit from including helloworlds like the above prominently in its documentation.
kynan
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Evgeni SergeevEvgeni Sergeev
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I suggest Pdfkit. (installation guide)
It creates pdf from html files. I chose it to create pdf in 2 steps from my Python Pyramid stack:
  1. Rendering server-side with mako templates with the style and markup you want for you pdf document
  2. Executing pdfkit.from_string(..) method by passing the rendered html as parameter
This way you get a pdf document with styling and images supported.
You can install it as follows :
  • using pip
    pip install pdfkit
  • You will also need to install wkhtmltopdf (on Ubuntu).
eton_cebeton_ceb
You can try this(Python-for-PDF-Generation) or you can try PyQt, which has support for printing to pdf.
Python for PDF Generation
The Portable Document Format (PDF) lets you create documents that look exactly the same on every platform. Sometimes a PDF document needs to be generated dynamically, however, and that can be quite a challenge. Fortunately, there are libraries that can help. This article examines one of those for Python.
Read more at http://www.devshed.com/c/a/Python/Python-for-PDF-Generation/#whoCFCPh3TAks368.99
gruszczygruszczy
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I have done this quite a bit in PyQt and it works very well. Qt has extensive support for images, fonts, styles, etc and all of those can be written out to pdf documents.
AllenAllen
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I believe that matplotlib has the ability to serialize graphics, text and other objects to a pdf document.
AndreaAndrea
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I use rst2pdf to create a pdf file, since I am more familiar with RST than with HTML. It supports embedding almost any kind of raster or vector images.
Xml
It requires reportlab, but I found reportlab is not so straight forward to use (at least for me).
maazza
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ismailsunniismailsunni
fpdf is python (too). And often used. See PyPI / pip search. But maybe it was renamed from pyfpdf to fpdf. From features:PNG, GIF and JPG support (including transparency and alpha channel)
mirekmirek
Here is a solution that works with only the standard packages. matplotlib has a PDF backend to save figures to PDF. You can create a figures with subplots, where each subplot is one of your images. You have full freedom to mess with the figure: Adding titles, play with position, etc. Once your figure is done, save to PDF. Each call to savefig will create another page of PDF.
Example below plots 2 images side-by-side, on page 1 and page 2.
Anton SchwaighoferAnton Schwaighofer
You can actually try xhtml2pdf http://flask.pocoo.org/snippets/68/
zeroc00lzeroc00l
It depends on what format your image files are in, but for a project here at work I used the tiff2pdf tool in LibTIFF from RemoteSensing.org.Basically just used subprocess to call tiff2pdf.exe with the appropriate argument to read the kind of tiff I had and output the kind of pdf I wanted. If they aren't tiffs you could probably convert them to tiffs using PIL, or maybe find a tool more specific to your image type (or more generic if the images will be diverse) like ReportLab mentioned above.
TofystedethTofystedeth
rinohtype supports embedding PDF, PNG and JPEG images (natively) and other bitmap formats (when Pillow is installed).
(Full disclosure: I am the author of rinohtype)
Brecht MachielsBrecht Machiels
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If you are familiar with LaTex you might want to consider pylatex
One of the advantages of pylatex is that it is easy to control the image quality. The images in your pdf will be of the same quality as the original images. When using reportlab, I experienced that the images were automatically compressed, and the image quality reduced.
The disadvantage of pylatex is that, since it is based on LaTex, it can be hard to place images exactly where you want on the page. However, I have found that using the position argument in the Figure class, and sometimes Subfigure, gives good enough results.
Example code for creating a pdf with a single image:
In addition to installing pylatex (pip install pylatex), you need to install LaTex. For Ubuntu and other Debian systems you can run sudo apt-get install texlive-full. If you are using Windows I would recommend MixTex
larsjrlarsjr
fpdf works well for me. Much simpler than ReportLab and really free. Program za karaoke download. Works with UTF-8.
mfsmfs

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In this tutorial, we will learn how to develop graphical user interfaces by writing some Python GUI examples using the Tkinter package.

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In this tutorial, we will learn how to develop graphical user interfaces by writing some Python GUI examples using the Tkinter package.

Tkinter package is shipped with Python as a standard package, so we don't need to install anything to use it.

Tkinter is a very powerful package. If you already have installed Python, you may use IDLE which is the integrated IDE that is shipped with Python, this IDE is written using Tkinter. Sounds Cool!!

We will use Python 3.6, so if you are using Python 2.x, it's strongly recommended to switch to Python 3.x unless you know the language changes so you can adjust the code to run without errors.

I assume that you have a little background in the Python basics to help you understand what we are doing.

We will start by creating a window to which we will learn how to add widgets such as buttons, combo boxes, etc. Then we will play with their properties, so let's get started.

Create Your First GUI Application

First, we will import THE Tkinter package and create a window and set its title:

The result will look like this:

Awesome! Our application works.

The last line calls the mainloopfunction. This function calls the endless loop of the window, so the window will wait for any user interaction till we close it.

If you forget to call the mainloopfunction, nothing will appear to the user.

Create a Label Widget

To add a label to our previous example, we will create a label using the label class like this:

Then we will set its position on the form using the gridfunction and give it the location like this:

So the complete code will be like this:

Tkinter Tutorial Python Pdf To Xml

Python Tkinter Text Insert

And this is the result:

Without calling the gridfunction for the label, it won't show up.

Set Label Font Size

You can set the label font so you can make it bigger and maybe bold. You can also change the font style.

To do so, you can pass the fontparameter like this:

Note that the fontparameter can be passed to any widget to change its font, thus it applies to more than just labels.

Great, but the window is so small, what about setting the window size?

Setting Window Size

We can set the default window size using the geometryfunction like this:

The above line sets the window width to 350 pixels and the height to 200 pixels.

Let's try adding more GUI widgets like buttons and see how to handle button click events.

Adding a Button Widget

Let's start by adding the button to the window. The button is created and added to the window in the same way as the label:

So our window will be like this:

The result looks like this:

Note that we place the button on the second column of the window, which is 1. If you forget and place the button on the same column which is 0, it will show the button only, since the button will be on the top of the label.

Change Button Foreground and Background Colors

You can change the foreground of a button or any other widget using the fg property.

Also, you can change the background color of any widget using the bg property.

Now, if you tried to click on the button, nothing happens because the click event of the button isn't written yet.

Handle Button Click Event

First, we will write the function that we need to execute when the button is clicked:

Then we will wire it with the button by specifying the function like this:

btn = Button(window, text= 'Click Me', command=clicked)

Note that, we typed clicked only not clicked() with parentheses.

Now the full code will be like this:

And when we click the button, the result, as expected, looks like this:

Cool!

Get Input Using Entry Class (Tkinter Textbox)

In the previous Python GUI examples, we saw how to add simple widgets, now let's try getting the user input using the Tkinter Entryclass (Tkinter textbox).

You can create a textbox using Tkinter Entryclass like this:

Then you can add it to the window using a grid function as usual

So our window will be like this:

And the result will be like this:

Now, if you click the button, it will show the same old message, but what about showing the entered text on the Entry widget?

First, you can get entry text using the getfunction. So we can write this code to our clicked function like this:

If you click the button and there is text in the entry widget, it will show 'Welcome to' concatenated with the entered text.

And this is the complete code:

Run the above code and check the result:

Awesome!

Every time we run the code, we need to click on the entry widget to set focus to write the text, but what about setting the focus automatically?

Set the Focus of the Entry Widget

That's super easy, all we need to do is to call the focus function like this:

And when you run your code, you will notice that the entry widget has the focus so you can write your text right away.

Disable the Entry Widget

To disable the entry widget, you can set the state property to disabled:

Now, you won't be able to enter any text.

Add a Combobox Widget

To add a combobox widget, you can use the Comboboxclass from ttk library like this:

Then you can add your values to the combobox.

As you can see, we add the combobox items using the values tuple.

To set the selected item, you can pass the index of the desired item to the current function.

To get the select item, you can use the getfunction like this:

Add a Checkbutton Widget (Tkinter Checkbox)

To create a checkbutton widget, you can use the Checkbuttonclass like this:

Also, you can set the checked state by passing the check value to the Checkbutton like this:

Check the result:

Set the Check State of a Checkbutton

Here we create a variable of type BooleanVarwhich is not a standard Python variable, it's a Tkinter variable, and then we pass it to the Checkbutton class to set the check state as the highlighted line in the above example.

You can set the Boolean value to false to make it unchecked.

Also, you can use IntVar instead of BooleanVarand set the value to 0 or 1.

These examples give the same result as the BooleanVar.

Add Radio Button Widgets

To add radio buttons, you can use the RadioButtonclass like this:

Note that you should set the value for every radio button with a different value, otherwise, they won't work.

The result of the above code looks like this:

Also, you can set the command of any of these radio buttons to a specific function, so if the user clicks on any one of them, it runs the function code.

This is an example:

Pretty simple!

Get Radio Button Values (Selected Radio Button)

To get the currently selected radio button or the radio button's value, you can pass the variable parameter to the radio buttons and later you can get its value.


Every time you select a radio button, the value of the variable will be changed to the value of the selected radio button.

Add a ScrolledText Widget (Tkinter textarea)

To add a ScrolledText widget, you can use the ScrolledText class like this:

Here we specify the width and the height of the ScrolledText widget, otherwise, it will fill the entire window.

The result as you can see:

Set Scrolledtext Content

To set scrolledtext content, you can use the insertmethod like this:

Delete/Clear Scrolledtext Content

To clear the contents of a scrolledtext widget, you can use the deletemethod like this:

Great!

Create a Message Box

To show a message box using Tkinter, you can use the messagebox library like this:

Pretty easy!

Let's show a message box when the user clicks a button.

When you click the button, an informative message box will appear.

Show Warning and Error Messages

You can show a warning message or error message the same way. The only thing that needs to be changed is the message function

Show Ask Question Dialogs

To show a yes/no message box to the user, you can use one of the following messageboxfunctions:

You can choose the appropriate message style according to your needs. Just replace the showinfofunction line from the previous line and run it.

Also, you can check what button was clicked using the result variable.

If you click OK or yes or retry, it will return True as the value, but if you choose no or cancel, it will return False.

The only function that returns one of three values is the askyesnocancel function; it returns True or False or None.

Add a SpinBox (Numbers Widget)

To create a Spinbox widget, you can use the Spinboxclass like this:

Here we create a Spinbox widget and we pass the from_ and to parameters to specify the numbers range for the Spinbox.

Also, you can specify the width of the widget using the width parameter:

Check the complete example:

You can specify the numbers for the Spinbox instead of using the whole range like this:

Here the Spinbox widget only shows these 3 numbers: 3, 8, and 11.

Set a Default Value for Spinbox

To set the Spinbox default value, you can pass the value to the textvariableparameter like this:

Now, if you run the program, it will show 36 as a default value for the Spinbox.

Add a Progressbar Widget

To create a progress bar, you can use the progressbarclass like this:

You can set the progress bar value like this:

You can set this value based on any process you want like downloading a file or completing a task.

Change Progressbar Color

Changing the Progressbar color is a bit tricky.

First, we will create a style and set the background color and finally set the created style to the Progressbar.

Check the following example:

And the result will look like this:

Add a File Dialog (File and Directory Chooser)

To create a file dialog (file chooser), you can use the filedialogclass like this:

After you choose a file and click open, the file variable will hold that file path.

Also, you can ask for multiple files like this:

Specify File Types (Filter File Extensions)

Python Tkinter Text Box

You can specify the file types for a file dialog using the filetypes parameter, just specify the extensions in tuples.

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You can ask for a directory using the askdirectorymethod:

You can specify the initial directory for the file dialog by specifying the initialdirlike this:

Easy!

Add a Menu Bar

To add a menu bar, you can use the menuclass like this:

First, we create a menu, then we add our first label, and, finally, we assign the menu to our window.

You can add menu items under any menu by using the add_cascade()function like this:

So our code will be like this:

This way, you can add as many menu items as you want.

Here we add another menu item called Edit with a menu separator.

You may notice a dashed line at the beginning, well, if you click that line, it will show the menu items in a small separate window.

You can disable this feature by disabling the tearofffeature like this:

Just replace the new_itemin the above example with this one and it won't show the dashed line anymore.

I don't need to remind you that you can type any code that works when the user clicks on any menu item by specifying the command property.

Add a Notebook Widget (Tab Control)

To create a tab control, there are a few steps.

In this way, you can add as many tabs as you want.

Add Widgets to Notebooks

After creating tabs, you can put widgets inside these tabs by assigning the parent property to the desired tab.

Add Spacing for Widgets (Padding)

You can add padding for your controls to make it look well organized using the padx and padyproperties.

Just pass padx and padyto any widget and give them a value.

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It's that simple!

In this tutorial, we saw many Python GUI examples using the Tkinter library and we saw how easy it's to develop graphical interfaces using it.

Python Tkinter Download

This tutorial covered the main aspects of Python GUI development, but not all of them. There is no tutorial or a book that can cover everything.

I hope you found these examples useful. Keep coming back.

Thank you.

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